The active substance (INN), Ciprofloxacin (Ciprofloxacin)The use of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride:ENT infections (otitis media, sinusitis, mastoiditis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis), lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis and acute exacerbation of chronic pneumonia, but pneumococcal, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis), pelvic organs (cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, adnexitis, salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, tubular abscess, pelvic peritonitis), skin and soft tissue (infected ulcers, wounds, burns, infections of the ear canal, abscesses, cellulitis), bone and joints (osteomyelitis, septic arthritis), sexually transmitted (gonorrhea, chancroid, chlamydia), abdomen (gallbladder and biliary tract, intra-abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, salmonellosis, including typhoid, campylobacteriosis, yersinioz, shigellosis, cholera), bacteremia, septicemia, severe infection in the background immunodeficiency and neutropenia, prevention of infections during surgery. Local - infectious and inflammatory diseases of the eye (conjunctivitis, Blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, bacterial corneal ulcer). Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Contraindications:Hypersensitivity (including to other fluoroquinolones), deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, childhood and adolescence (before the end of an intense period of growth), pregnancy, lactation (the period of treatment stop). Side effects:Nausea, vomiting, appetite disturbance, diarrhea, constipation, pseudomembranous colitis, epigastric and abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort, hiccups, ulcer, dryness and soreness of the mucous membranes of the mouth, flatulence, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis necrosis of liver cells, headache, dizziness, excitement, feeling of anxiety, insomnia, nightmares, depression, phobias, fatigue, blurred vision (hromatopsiya, diplopia, nystagmus, eye pain), taste, smell, tinnitus, transient hearing loss, mood changes, gait disturbance, increased intracranial pressure, paraesthesia, sweating, ataxia, tremor, seizures, toxic psychosis, paranoia, hallucinations, hyperpigmentation, eosinophilia, fever, photosensitivity, leukopenia, leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, changing the level prothrombin, transient elevation of liver transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, urea, serum triglycerides, glucose, potassium, bilirubin, hypotension, syncope, cardiovascular collapse, cardiac arrhythmias, cerebral thrombosis, paroxysmal tachycardia, pulmonary embolism, dyspnea, respiratory distress, bronchospasm, effusions in pleura, arthralgia, myalgia, tendonitis, urinary frequency, crystalluria, hematuria, cylindruria, polyuria, proteinuria, acidosis, urinary retention, hemorrhagic cystitis, nephritis, vaginitis, Bitch, rash, petechiae, blisters, papules, cutaneous vasculitis, Stevens - Johnson , Lyell's syndrome, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, itching, swelling of the lips, face, neck, conjunctivae, limbs, angioedema, urticaria, anaphylactic shock, dysbiosis, candidiasis, in place of / in the introduction - the pain, burning, phlebitis . Interaction:increased activity in combination with beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, clindamycin, metronidazole. Sucralfate, bismuth preparations, antacids containing aluminum ions and magnesium or calcium, cimetidine, ranitidine, vitamins with trace elements, iron sulfate, zinc, didanosine, laxatives reduce the absorption (recommended for 2 h before or 4 hours after these medications.) Probenecid, azlocillin increase the concentration in the blood. Cl decreases and increases in plasma levels of caffeine, aminophylline and theophylline (increases the likelihood of side effects). Enhances the effect of warfarin and other oral anticoagulants (prolong bleeding time). Increases nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine, the risk of increased excitability of the central nervous system and convulsive reactions against NSAID. Drugs that alkalizing the urine (citrate, sodium bicarbonate, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), reduce the solubility (increasing the probability of crystalluria). Compatible with infusion solutions: 0.9% sodium chloride solution, Ringer's solution, Ringer's lactate, 5, and 10% glucose, 10% fructose, 5% glucose containing 0.225 or 0.45% sodium chloride. Incompatible with solutions having a pH above 7. Symptoms:No specific symptoms. Treatment:gastric lavage, the use of emetic drugs, the introduction of large amounts of fluid, creating acidic urine, in addition - hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, all events are held on the background to maintain vital functions. Dosage and Administration:inside (not liquid, and drinking plenty of fluids), 250 mg (for severe infections - by 500-750 mg) 2-3 times a day. In / - 200 mg (for severe infections - 400 mg) 2 times a day. Duration of infusion of 30 minutes at a dose of 200 mg and 60 minutes - with a dose of 400 mg. The course of treatment - from 7-14 days in acute infections of 4-6 weeks or more in osteomyelitis and salmonellonositelstve. In acute gonorrhea - once inside, or 250-500 mg / in 100 mg. For the prevention of infections after surgery for 30-60 min before surgery inside or 500-750 mg I / - 200-400 mg, during long operations performed after the reintroduction of 4 h. In patients with severe renal impairment, the daily dose is reduced by half, the elderly patients - in the third. Locally: 1-2 drops into the eye every 4 hours for severe infections - 2 drops into the eye every hour. Precautionary measures:With care appoint at CNS pathology in history: mental illness, epilepsy, convulsive threshold lowered, apoplexy, severe atherosclerosis of the brain (risk of circulatory disorders, stroke), in old age, with severe renal impairment and liver (concentration should be monitored in blood plasma). During treatment you should avoid sunlight and UV irradiation, intense exercise, control the mode of drinking, pH of urine. May reduce the speed of psychomotor reactions, especially against the background of alcohol that should be considered for patients who work with potentially dangerous machinery or driving. If you have severe diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis should be excluded (for which ciprofloxacin is contraindicated). Simultaneous I / O requires the introduction of barbiturates control function of the cardiovascular system (blood pressure, ECG parameters). Young people under 18 years shall be appointed only in case of resistance to the pathogen, etc. chemotherapeutic drugs. |